@article {1419, title = {The Neotropical species of Xanthopimpla Saussure (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae)}, journal = {Zootaxa}, volume = {3774}, year = {2014}, month = {4 march 2014}, pages = {57-73}, chapter = {57}, abstract = {

Xanthopimpla Saussure, 1892 is one of the largest and best studied genera of the family Ichneumonidae. It is most species rich in the Oriental and Afrotropical regions with only a few species occurring in Central and South America. The present study reviews the Neotropical species of the genus including descriptions of four new species from Amazonia and Northeast South America. We define a new species group: the amazonica species-group, to accommodate the following five species: X. amazonica G\ómez, S\ä\äksj\ärvi \& Veijalainen, X. guianensis G\ómez \& S\ä\äksj\ärvi sp. n., X. jussilai Veijalainen, S\ä\äksj\ärvi \& Broad, X. pucallpensis G\ómez \& S\ä\äksj\ärvi sp. n. and X. vidali G\ómez sp. n. The aurita species-group, which had hitherto been regarded as the only species-group in the Neotropical region, is currently represented by five species: X. allpahuaya G\ómez \& S\ä\äksj\ärvi sp. n., X. aurita Krieger, X. craspedoptera Krieger, X. rhabdomera Townes and X. spiloptera Krieger. The Andean species X. peruana Krieger is established as an unplaced species outside of the amazonica and aurita species-groups. A key to Neotropical species-groups and species of Xanthopimpla is provided. Xanthopimpla aurita is recorded for the first time from Ecuador and Colombia and its extensive distribution is discussed. Xanthopimpla amazonica, X. craspedoptera and X. jussilai are recorded for the first time from Brazil; X. amazonica is recorded for the first time from French Guiana; X. spiloptera is recorded for the first time from French Guiana and Peru, and X. rhabdomera is recorded for the first time from Peru.

}, keywords = {Amazonia, Brazil, ecuador, French Guiana, idiobiont, new species, parasitoids, Peru, taxonomy}, doi = {dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3774.1.4}, author = {G{\'O}MEZ, I.C. and S{\"a}{\"a}ksj{\"a}rvi, I.E. and Broad, G.R. and Puhakka, L. and Castillo, C. and Pe{\~n}a, C. and Padua, D.G.} } @article {530, title = {Andesipolis, a puzzling new genus of cyclostome Braconidae (Hymenoptera) from the Chilean Andes, with descriptions of three new species}, journal = {Zootaxa}, volume = {438}, year = {2004}, pages = {1-15}, abstract = {A new genus of braconid wasp, Andesipolis Whitfield \& Choi, n. g., is described from the Andean region of Chile. It clearly belongs to the cyclostome lineage of Braconidae but otherwise is diffi- cult to assign definitively to tribe or subfamily, as it has some morphological features typical of Rhysipolini, others typical of Rhyssalini, and a few unique features. Three species, A. whartoni n. sp., A. masoni, n. sp. and A. framea n. sp. are described to represent the range of morphological variation encompassed by the new generic concept; other species are known to exist in collections but await a full-scale revision of this locally abundant genus.}, keywords = {hormiini, parasitoids, rhyipolini, rhyssalini}, author = {Whitfield, J.B. and Choi, W.-Y. and Suh, K.-I.} } @article {513, title = {The history of Hymenopteran parasitoid research in Germany}, journal = {Biological Control}, volume = {32}, year = {2005}, pages = {25-33}, publisher = {万方数据资源系统}, abstract = {For many centuries, the detection of the true nature of Hymenopteran parasitism was greatly hindered by the prevalence of the ideas of Aristoteles, in particular his assumption of a Generatio Spontaneum. It was Conrad Gessner (1516{\textendash}1565), the forerunner of modern zoology, who emancipated natural sciences from a medieval deadlock and opened up new aspects of viewing natural objects through his own observations. He greatly inXuenced the German Xower painter Maria Sybilla Merian (1647{\textendash}1717), who started to rear the insects she was painting herself to be able to observe them under natural conditions. When she exactly recognised the signiW- cance of the parasitoid is diYcult to assess, but in the preface of the 1717 version of her {\textquotedblleft}caterpillar{\textquotedblright} book she made clear that she knew the whole cycle of parasitoid development. So the Wrst publication by a German, Merian, with a correct interpretation dates from 1717, although she might have discovered the phenomenon already 30 years earlier. Merian{\textquoteright}s studies may have inspired Johann Leonhard Frisch (1666{\textendash}1743) and August Johann Roesel von Rosenhof (1705{\textendash}1759) to study insects in detail. Roesel von Rosenhof accurately described several behavioural aspects related to the life history of parasitoids. The Wrst taxonomists working speciWcally on Hymenopteran parasitoids in Germany were Johann Ludwig Christian Gravenhorst (1777{\textendash}1857) and Christian Godfried Nees von Esenbeck (1776{\textendash}1856). The forestry entomologist Julius Theodor Christian Ratzeburg (1801{\textendash}1871) was the Wrst to describe the ecological relationships of parasitoids in detail. He inXuenced many other entomologists in the 19th century and founded the long tradition of Hymenopteran parasitoid research in Germany}, keywords = {forest entomology, Germany, history of insect parasitism, Hymenoptera, parasitoids, taxonomy}, author = {Vidal, S.} } @article {453, title = {Aphid parasitoids sampled by Malaise traps in the national parks of Thailand (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae)}, journal = {Thai Journal of Agricultural Science}, volume = {41}, year = {2008}, pages = {37-43}, abstract = {Aphidiine parasitoids of aphids sampled by Malaise traps in different Thailand are reviewed and some faunal relationships environments in are discussed. A new species, Areopraon thailandicum is described and Aphidius autriquei Star{\'y}, known previously only from central Africa, is reported from Thailand for the first time}, keywords = {Aphids, biodiversity, national parks, parasitoids, thailand}, author = {Star{\'y}, P. and Sharkey, M.J. and Hutacharern, C.} } @article {443, title = {Revision of Nearctic Aleiodes Wesmael (Part 8): the coxalis (Spinola) Species-Group (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Rogadinae)}, journal = {Zootaxa}, volume = {1314}, year = {2006}, pages = {1 - 30}, abstract = {The Aleiodes coxalis (Spinola) species-group is defined as including the following previously described species: A. coxalis (Spinola) 1808, A. bicolor (Spinola) 1808, signatus (Nees) 1812, A. alternator (Nees) 1834, A. tristis Wesmael 1838, A. aciculatus Cresson 1869, A. sanctihyacinthi (Provancher) 1880, A. arcticus (Thomson) 1891, A. incertus (Kokoujev) 1898, A. jakolewi (Kokoujev) 1898, A. coxator (Telenga) 1941, A. incertoides (Telenga) 1941, A. satanus (Telenga) 1941, A. nunbergi (Noskiewicz) 1956, A. negativus (Tobias) 1961, A. hellenicus (Papp) 1985, A. moldavicus (Tobias) 1986, A. itamevorus Shaw and Marsh 2004, and A. maritimus Shaw and Marsh 2004. Nine new North American species are described in this paper: A. aquilonius NEW SPECIES, A. brevis NEW SPECIES, A. cultrarius NEW SPECIES, A. dichromatus NEW SPECIES, A. floridensis NEW SPECIES, A. quadratus NEW SPECIES, A. shenefelti NEW SPECIES, A. whartoni NEW SPECIES, and A. wyomingensis NEW SPECIES. The A. coxalis species group is regarded as monophyletic as distinguished by the rugose vertex and sculptured fourth metasomal tergum. An identification key, descriptions, illustrations, distribution and biological information are provided for thirteen North American species.}, keywords = {Aleiodes, Braconidae, Hymenoptera, new species, parasitoids}, author = {Shaw, S.R. and Marsh, P.M. and Fortier, Joseph C} } @article {430, title = {Species pool structure determines the level of generalism of island parasitoid faunas}, journal = {Journal of Biogeography}, volume = {38}, year = {2011}, pages = {1657-1667}, abstract = {Aim To examine whether island parasitoid faunas are biased towards generalists when compared with the mainland and their species pool, and to evaluate the effects of climate, island characteristics and regional factors on the relative proportions of idiobionts (i.e. generalists) and koinobionts (i.e. specialists) of two parasitic wasp families, Braconidae and Ichneumonidae. Location Seventy-three archipelagos distributed world-wide. Methods We used data on the distribution and biology obtained from a digital catalogue and several literature sources. We related level of generalism, measured as the ratio between the number of idiobiont and koinobiont species, to climatic, physiographic and regional factors using generalized linear models. We compared models by means of Akaike weighting, and evaluated the spatial structure of their residuals. We used partial regressions to determine whether the final models account for all latitudinal structure in the level of generalism. Results Islands host comparatively more idiobionts than continental areas. Although there is a latitudinal gradient in the level of generalism of island faunas correlating with both environmental factors and island characteristics, the most important determinant of island community structure is their source pool. This effect is stronger for ichneumonids, where generalism is higher in the Indomalayan region, arguably due to the higher diversity of endophytic hosts in its large rain forests.Main conclusions The level of generalism of island parasitoid faunas is largely constrained by regional factors, namely by the structure of the species pool, which emphasizes the importance of including regional processes in our understanding of the functioning of ecological communities. The fact that generalist species are more predominant in islands with a large cover of rain forests pinpoints the importance of the indirect effects of ecological requirements on community structure, highlighting the complex nature of geographical gradients of diversity.}, keywords = {biogeography, community structure, ichneumonoidea, idiobionts, indomalayan region, island, koinobionts, latitudinal gradient, parasitoids, species pool}, author = {Santos, Ana M C and Quicke, D.L.J. and Borges, P.A.V. and Hortal, Joaqu{\'\i}n} } @article {415, title = {First occurrence of Protapanteles (Protapanteles) enephes (Nixon, 1965)(Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) in Brazil and new biological data}, journal = {Brazilian Journal of Biology}, volume = {71}, year = {2011}, pages = {735-738}, publisher = {SciELO Brasil}, abstract = {Protapanteles (Protapanteles) enephes (Nixon, 1965) (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) was reared from the host Fountainea ryphea phidile (Geyer, 1837) (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Charaxinae), collected on Croton floribundus Spreng. (Euphorbiaceae) in S{\~a}o Carlos, S{\~a}o Paulo state, Brazil. The hyperperparasitoids Conura sp. (Hymenoptera, Chalcididae) and a Pteromalidae species are registered on this microgastrine species. Male and female specimens and cocoon of Protapanteles (Protapanteles) enephes are illustrated for the first time.}, keywords = {Braconidae, enephes, Hymenoptera, hyperparasitoids, Microgastrinae, Neotropical, parasitoids, protapanteles}, author = {Penteado-Dias, A.M.M. and Fernandes, LBR and Iemma, LGR and Dias, M.M.} } @article {358, title = {Revision of New World Chaenusa Haliday sensu lato (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Alysiinae), with new species, synonymies, hosts, and distribution records}, journal = {Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington}, volume = {110}, year = {2008}, pages = {1-60}, publisher = {BioOne}, keywords = {dacnusini, Hydrellia, parasitoids, Potamogeton}, author = {Kula, R.R. and Zolnerowich, G.} } @article {357, title = {A new species of Epimicta F{\"o}rster (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from North America and new distribution records for Epimicta griffithsi Wharton}, journal = {Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington}, volume = {107}, year = {2005}, pages = {78-83}, publisher = {Entomological Society of Washington}, keywords = {Alysiinae, dacnusini, Nearctic, parasitoids}, author = {Kula, R.R. and Zolnerowich, G.} } @article {347, title = {Molecular phylogeny of Cotesia Cameron, 1891 (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Microgastrinae) parasitoids associated with Melitaeini butterflies (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Melitaeini)}, journal = {Molecular phylogenetics and evolution}, volume = {32}, year = {2004}, pages = {207-220}, publisher = {Elsevier}, abstract = {Phylogenetic relationships among Cotesia Cameron (Braconidae) species parasitising Melitaeini butterflies were examined using DNA sequence data (mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I and NADH1 dehydrogenase genes, nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer region) as well as 12 microsatellite loci. Molecular data were available from ostensibly six species of Cotesia from 16 host butterfly species in Europe, Asia, and North America. Analysis of the combined sequence data using both maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood revealed two distinct Cotesia clades. In one clade (C. acuminata (Reinhard); C. bignellii (Marshall)) host ranges are apparently narrow and, although Euphydryas (s. lato) is well-utilised, permeation of Melitaea (s. lato) has been slight. In the other clade (C. melitaearum (Wilkinson); C. lycophron (Nixon); C. cynthiae (Nixon)) host utilization across the Melitaeini as a whole is more extensive and the data are consistent with more recent, or active, speciation processes. Neighbour-joining trees calculated separately for the two main clades based on Cavalli-Sforza and Edwards (1967) chord distance (DCE) of microsatellite allele frequencies were consistent with phylogenetic trees obtained from the sequence data. Our analysis strongly suggests the presence of several additional, previously unrecognised, Cotesia species parasitising this group of butterflies}, keywords = {cotesia, melitaeini, microsatellites, mtdna, parasitoids, phylogeny}, author = {Kankare, Maaria and Shaw, M.R.} } @article {249, title = {An{\'a}lise da riqueza da fauna de Braconidae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonoidea) em remanescentes naturais da {\'A}rea de Prote{\c c}{\~a}o Ambiental (APA) de Descalvado, SP}, journal = {Revista Brasileira de Entomologia}, volume = {47}, year = {2003}, pages = {89-98}, publisher = {SciELO Brasil}, abstract = {Analysis of the Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) fauna richness in natural remnants of the {\'A}rea de Prote{\c c}{\~a}o Ambiental (APA) of Descalvado, SP. A survey of the Braconidae fauna on fragmentary natural environments at northeast S{\~a}o Paulo State was conducted using Malaise traps installed in five sites of {\'A}rea de Prote{\c c}{\~a}o Ambiental of Descalvado. A total of 2,262 specimens, representing 22 subfamilies and 94 genera, was sampled throughout a period of sixteen months (from May, 1999 to August, 2000). Biological data were obtained from current literature and behavior patterns of host utilization for the studied fauna, mainly Braconidae which have been successful in control of agricultural insect pests. Statistical analyses indicated that the asymptote of the genera richness has been approached using this sampling method. This is the most complete survey yet available from natural fragmentary areas of the Descalvado Braconidae fauna. Patterns of distribution and richness of the Braconidae genera were established. Cluster Analysis was adopted taking as attribute the number of Braconidae genera.}, keywords = {biodiversity, Braconidae, Brazil, fragmentary natural environments, parasitoids}, author = {Cirelli, K.R.N. and Penteado-Dias, A.M.M.} } @article {221, title = {R{\'e}aumur ( 1683 {\textendash} 1757 ): the discoverer of parasitoids in France}, journal = {Biological Control}, volume = {32}, year = {2005}, pages = {40-48}, abstract = {Early French discoveries of insect parasitoids and various aspects of their life cycle are discussed in this paper. Parasitism in insects Wrst attracted the attention of French scientists in the 18th century, despite indiVerence of the famous encyclopedists of {\textquotedblleft}the Age of Enlightenment{\textquotedblright} to this group of animals. Fortunately, a distinguished scientist of many talents, R.A. Ferchault de R{\'e}aumur (1683{\textendash}1757), was interested in the study of insects. His work on insects, {\textquotedblleft}M{\'e}moires pour servir {\`a} l{\textquoteright}histoire des insectes{\textquotedblright} published in six volumes, remains his most well known opus. He was the Wrst person in France to describe an entomophagous insect (probably a Cotesia species) as well as several aspects of the biological characteristics of parasitoid life in 1736. Together with Latreille (1762{\textendash} 1833), he may be considered one of the founding fathers of entomology in France}, keywords = {biological control, cotesia glomerata, france, history of insect parasitism, Hymenoptera, insect behaviour, parasitoids}, author = {Carton, Yves} } @article {157, title = {Estimating global biodiversity: tropical beetles and wasps send different signals}, journal = {Ecological Entomology}, volume = {24}, year = {1999}, pages = {118-121}, keywords = {beta diversity, biodiversity, parasitoids, pimplinae}, author = {Bartlett, R. and Pickering, J. and Gauld, I.D. and Windsor, D.} }