@article {1419, title = {The Neotropical species of Xanthopimpla Saussure (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae)}, journal = {Zootaxa}, volume = {3774}, year = {2014}, month = {4 march 2014}, pages = {57-73}, chapter = {57}, abstract = {

Xanthopimpla Saussure, 1892 is one of the largest and best studied genera of the family Ichneumonidae. It is most species rich in the Oriental and Afrotropical regions with only a few species occurring in Central and South America. The present study reviews the Neotropical species of the genus including descriptions of four new species from Amazonia and Northeast South America. We define a new species group: the amazonica species-group, to accommodate the following five species: X. amazonica G\ómez, S\ä\äksj\ärvi \& Veijalainen, X. guianensis G\ómez \& S\ä\äksj\ärvi sp. n., X. jussilai Veijalainen, S\ä\äksj\ärvi \& Broad, X. pucallpensis G\ómez \& S\ä\äksj\ärvi sp. n. and X. vidali G\ómez sp. n. The aurita species-group, which had hitherto been regarded as the only species-group in the Neotropical region, is currently represented by five species: X. allpahuaya G\ómez \& S\ä\äksj\ärvi sp. n., X. aurita Krieger, X. craspedoptera Krieger, X. rhabdomera Townes and X. spiloptera Krieger. The Andean species X. peruana Krieger is established as an unplaced species outside of the amazonica and aurita species-groups. A key to Neotropical species-groups and species of Xanthopimpla is provided. Xanthopimpla aurita is recorded for the first time from Ecuador and Colombia and its extensive distribution is discussed. Xanthopimpla amazonica, X. craspedoptera and X. jussilai are recorded for the first time from Brazil; X. amazonica is recorded for the first time from French Guiana; X. spiloptera is recorded for the first time from French Guiana and Peru, and X. rhabdomera is recorded for the first time from Peru.

}, keywords = {Amazonia, Brazil, ecuador, French Guiana, idiobiont, new species, parasitoids, Peru, taxonomy}, doi = {dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3774.1.4}, author = {G{\'O}MEZ, I.C. and S{\"a}{\"a}ksj{\"a}rvi, I.E. and Broad, G.R. and Puhakka, L. and Castillo, C. and Pe{\~n}a, C. and Padua, D.G.} } @article {339, title = {Rapid Tropical Forest Inventory: a Comparison of Techniques Based on Inventory Data from Western Amazonia}, journal = {Conservation Biology}, volume = {18}, year = {2004}, pages = {799-811}, abstract = {Floristic inventory is critical for conservation planning in tropical forests. Tropical forest inventory is hampered by large numbers of species, however, and is usually abbreviated by sampling only the tallest trees in the forest, an approach that remains time-consuming. In a systematic effort to identify better means of abbre- viating inventory inwestern Amazonia,we defined four classes of inventory abbreviation and evaluated them for use in inventory: occurrence metric, measured for individual taxa (e.g., presence-absence); taxonomic reso- lution, the level to which stems are identified; diameter class, the classes included in inventory; and taxonomic scope, the taxon or taxa included in inventory. Using these four classes and all their possible combinations, we defined >300 inventory abbreviations and evaluated them by conducting nine inventories near Iquitos, Peru. We evaluated these abbreviations with four criteria: correlation between the floristic patterns of the full and abbreviated inventories, mean number of stems per site, total number of taxa, and height of inventoried stems. Presence-absence inventories were generally interchangeable with abundance inventories, regardless of the use of other abbreviations. Genus-resolution inventory captured 80\% of the floristic pattern of the full inventory, with an 80\% reduction in number of taxa sampled, but did not reduce the number of stems sampled. Inventories based on diameter class, with either species or genus identifications, revealed a majority of the floristic pattern of the full inventories with a fraction of the stems and taxa, but they were indistinguishable in efficiency from random sampling. Taxonomic-scope abbreviations were more efficient than any other type of inventory, including random sampling, and required one-fifth the number of stems and taxa of diameter- class-based methods and one-twentieth the number of a full inventory. We believe that taxa-based inventory may provide the optimal instrument for biological survey and conservation planning in western Amazonia.}, keywords = {conservation planning, distance matrix, floristic composition, inventario forestal tropical r, inventory, Peru, rain forest, sampling, tropical, western amazonia}, author = {Higgins, M.A. and Ruokolainen, Kalle} } @article {273, title = {Ecological stoichiometry of ants in a New World rain forest.}, journal = {Oecologia}, volume = {142}, year = {2005}, pages = {221-31}, abstract = {C:N stoichiometry was investigated in relation to diet (delta(15)N), N-deprivation, and worker body size for a diverse assemblage of tropical Amazonian ants. Relative nitrogen (N) deprivation was assayed for 54 species as an exchange ratio (ER), defined as SUCmin/AAmin, or the minimum sucrose concentration, divided by the minimum amino acid concentration, accepted as food by >/=50\% of tested workers. On average, N-deprivation (ER) was almost fivefold greater for N-omnivorous and N-herbivorous (N-OH) taxa than for N-carnivores. In two-way ANOVAs at three taxonomic levels (species and species groups, genera, and tribes), higher ER was associated with small body size and (marginally) with less carnivorous diets. ERs did not differ systematically between trophobiont-tending and "leaf-foraging" functional groups, but specialized wound-feeders and coccid-tenders were prominent among high ER taxa. Paradoxically, some high ER taxa were among the most predatory members of their genera or subfamilies. Biomass \% N was lower in N-OH taxa than in carnivores and varied inversely with N-deprivation (log ER) in the former taxa only. In an expanded data set, N-content increased allometrically in N-OHs, N-carnivores, and all ants combined, and with carnivory in large-bodied ants only. Exceptional taxa included small-bodied and predaceous Wasmannia, with high \% N despite high ER, and Linepithema, with the lowest \% N despite high delta(15)N. Patterns in C:N stoichiometry are explained largely at the genus level and above by elemental composition of alarm/defensive/offensive chemical weaponry and, perhaps in some cases, by reduced N investment in cuticle in taxa with high surface:volume ratios. Several consequences of C:N stoichiometry identify Azteca, and possibly Crematogaster, as taxa preadapted for their roles as prominent associates of myrmecophytes. C:N stoichiometry of ants should be incorporated into models of strategic colony design and examined in a phylogenetic context as opportunities permit.}, keywords = {Analysis of Variance, Animals, Ants, Ants: metabolism, Biomass, Body Composition, Body Size, Carbon, Carbon: metabolism, Diet, Environment, Feeding Behavior, Feeding Behavior: physiology, Logistic Models, Nitrogen, Nitrogen: metabolism, Peru, phylogeny, Species Specificity, Sucrose, Sucrose: chemistry}, author = {Davidson, D.W.} } @article {211, title = {Revisionary notes on the genus Bentonia van Achterberg, 1992 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Orgilinae) with description of new species}, journal = {Zoologische Mededelingen Leiden}, volume = {72}, year = {1998}, pages = {51-58}, abstract = {

Two new species of the genus Bentonia van Achterberg, 1992 (Braconidae: Orgilinae) (B. inca from Peru and B. xochiquetzalis from Mexico) are described and partly illustrated. A third undescribed species was found for which some characters are listed. The distribution of B. scutellaris van Achterberg,1992, is extended west to Peru and B. longicornis van Achterberg, 1992, north to Venezuela. An identification key is added.

}, keywords = {Bentonia, Braconidae, key, Mexico, Orgilinae, Peru, Venezuela}, url = {http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/document/43537}, author = {Braet, Y. and Tignon, M.} } @article {213, title = {New species of the genera Foenomorpha Sz{\'e}pligeti (Cenocoeliinae) and Chelonus Panzer (Cheloninae)(Hymenoptera : Braconidae), from French Guiana, Suriname, and Brazil}, journal = {Zoologische Mededelingen Leiden}, volume = {75}, year = {2001}, pages = {103-118}, abstract = {

Two new species of the genus Foenomorpha Sz\épligeti, 1904, are described (F. rufa spec. nov. from Brazil and F. senlura spec. nov. from French Guiana). A key to the known species is added and notes on the other two species are added. Foenomorpha filicornis (Cameron, 1887) is a new combination for Cenocoelius filicornis Cameron. An aberrant group of Chelonus with very slender antennal segments and a protuberant scutellum from French Guiana and Suriname is described and included in the new subgenus Baculonus (type species: C. pachytellus spec. nov.). Epsilogaster palenque Whitfield \& Mason, 1994, is reported for the first time from Costa Rica.

}, keywords = {Baculonus, Braconidae, Brazil, cenocoeliinae, Cheloninae, Chelonus, Costa Rica, distribution, Epsilogaster, foenomorpha, French Guiana, key, Mendesellinae, Neotropical, new species, Peru, Suriname}, url = {http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/document/45059}, author = {Braet, Y. and Achterberg, C. van} }