@article {555, title = {Identification of forensically important Sarcophaga species (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) using the mitochondrial COI gene}, journal = {International Journal of Legal Medicine}, volume = {127}, year = {2013}, month = {03/2013}, pages = {491-504}, chapter = {491}, abstract = {

The identification of species of the forensically important genus Sarcophaga is very difficult and requires strong taxonomic expertise. In this study we sequenced the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (COI) of 126 specimens of 56 W European Sarcophaga species. As such we established the first COI database for West European Sarcophaga. We added existing data to our database to yield a total dataset of 270 COI sequences from 99 species to evaluate the COI gene as a molecular diagnostic tool for species identification in this genus. Using two simple criteria (Best Match and Best Close Match) we showed that the identification success using a mini-barcode region of 127 bp was very low (\<61\%). The identification success using the standard barcode region (658 bp) or using the entire COI region (1535 bp) was similar but relatively low: 75-80\%. This was mainly due to specimens that were only represented by a single sequence in the dataset. Omitting these species resulted in a strong increase of the identification success: 96.9-98.5\%. This success was even further increased when applying a nucleotide-based analysis but the latter may not be suitable for decision making. Even though the COI gene seems suitable to discriminate among most Sarcophaga species, additional markers will be necessary to achieve a 100\% identification success.

}, keywords = {coi, diptera, DNA Barcoding, Forensic entomology, identification, Sarcophagidae}, issn = {ISSN 0937-9827}, doi = {DOI 10.1007/s00414-012-0767-6}, author = {Jordaens, K. and Sonet, G. and Richet, R. and Dupont, E. and Braet, Y. and Desmyter, S.} } @article {345, title = {Key to the adults of the most common forensic species of Carvalho Diptera in South America}, journal = {Revista Brasileira de Entomologia}, volume = {52}, year = {2008}, pages = {390-406}, abstract = {Key to the adults of the most common forensic species of Diptera in South America. Flies (Diptera, blow flies, house flies, flesh flies, horse flies, cattle flies, deer flies, midges and mosquitoes) are among the four megadiverse insect orders. Several species quickly colonize human cadavers and are potentially useful in forensic studies. One of the major problems with carrion fly identification is the lack of taxonomists or available keys that can identify even the most common species sometimes resulting in erroneous identification. Here we present a key to the adults of 12 families of Diptera whose species are found on carrion, including human corpses. Also, a summary for the most common families of forensic importance in South America, along with a key to the most common species of Calliphoridae, Muscidae, and Fanniidae and to the genera of Sarcophagidae are provided. Drawings of the most important characters for identification are also included.}, keywords = {Carrion flies, Forensic entomology, neotropical.}, author = {Jos{\'e}, Claudio and de Carvalho, B. and de Mello-Patiu, C.A.} } @article {146, title = {Diagnosis and key of the main families and species of South American Coleoptera of forensic importance}, journal = {Revista Brasileira de Entomologia}, volume = {53}, year = {2009}, pages = {227-244}, abstract = {Diagnosis and key of the main families and species of South American Coleoptera of forensic importance. The objective of this paper is to provide diagnosis and keys of the families and species, with illustrations of the main groups. A table of all related species recorded from South America is presented, including the substrate in which they were collected and their geographical distribution. The list comprises 221 species included in 15 families, of which 70\% of the species are from Brazil. Scarabaeidae is the most diverse family with 121 species, followed by Staphylinidae with 68. Also we provide one database of Coleoptera species associated with carcasses in South America.}, keywords = {Forensic entomology, necrophilous beetles, Neotropical region, taxonomy}, author = {Almeida, L{\'u}cia M. and Mise, Kleber M.} }