02635nas a2200349   4500008004100000245006900041210006800110300001100178490001500189520164000204653000901844653002901853653001501882653001401897653000801911653001401919653002701933653001501960653001501975653001801990653001302008653002702021653002902048653003302077653002802110653001102138100001602149700002702165700001802192700002202210856005302232       2009                        eng d00aDNA barcode accumulation curves for understudied taxa and areas.0 aDNA barcode accumulation curves for understudied taxa and areas  a208-160 v9 Suppl s13 aFrequently, the diversity of umbrella taxa is invoked to predict patterns of other, less well-known, life. However, the utility of this strategy has been questioned. We tested whether a phylogenetic diversity (PD) analysis of CO1 DNA barcodes could act as a proxy for standard methods of determining sampling efficiency within and between sites, namely that an accumulation curve of barcode diversity would be similar to curves generated using morphology or nuclear genetic markers. Using taxa at the forefront of the taxonomic impediment - parasitoid wasps (Ichneumonidae, Braconidae, Cynipidae and Diapriidae), contrasted with a taxon expected to be of low diversity (Formicidae) from an area where total diversity is expected to be low (Churchill, Manitoba), we found that barcode accumulation curves based on PD were significantly different in both slope and scale from curves generated using names based on morphological data, while curves generated using nuclear genetic data were only different in scale. We conclude that these differences clearly identify the taxonomic impediment within the strictly morphological alpha-taxonomy of these hyperdiverse insects. The absence of an asymptote within the barcode PD trend of parasitoid wasps reflects the as yet incomplete sampling of the site (and more accurately its total diversity), while the morphological analysis asymptote represents a collision with the taxonomic impediment rather than complete sampling. We conclude that a PD analysis of standardized DNA barcodes can be a transparent and reproducible triage tool for the management and conservation of species and spaces.10a200910aaccepted 27 january 200910aBraconidae10achurchill10aco110acynipidae10acytochrome c oxidase 110adiapriidae10aformicidae10aIchneumonidae10amanitoba10aphylogenetic diversity10areceived 22 october 200810arevision received 16 january10aspecies abundance curve10atriage1 aSmith, Alex1 aFernandez-Triana, J.L.1 aRoughley, Rob1 aHebert, Paul, D N  uhttps://insectafgseag.myspecies.info/fr/node/45102526nas a2200181   4500008004100000245010200041210006900143300001200212490000600224520196200230653001002192653002702202653001602229653001502245100001502260700001602275856005302291       1998                        eng d00aComparative phylogeography and the identification of genetically divergent areas for conservation0 aComparative phylogeography and the identification of genetically  a419-4290 v73 aGenetic diversity is recognized as a fundamental component of biodiversity and its pro- tection is incorporated in several conventions and policies. However, neither the concepts nor the methods for assessing conservation value of the spatial distribution of genetic diversity have been resolved. Comparative phylogeography can identify suites of species that have a common history of vicariance. In this study we explore the strengths and limitations of Faith’s measure of ‘Phylogenetic Diversity’ (PD) as a method for predicting from multiple intraspecific phylogeographies the underlying feature diversity repre- sented by combinations of areas. An advantage of the PD approach is that information on the spatial distribution of genetic diversity can be combined across species and expressed in a form that allows direct comparison with patterns of species distributions. It also seeks to estimate the same parameter, feature diversity, regardless of the level of bio- logical organization. We extend the PD approach by using Venn diagrams to identify the components of PD, including those unique to or shared among areas and those which represent homoplasy on an area tree or which are shared across all areas. PD estimation should be complemented by analysis of these components and inspection of the con- tributing phylogeographies. We illustrate the application of the approach using mtDNA phylogeographies from vertebrates resident in the wet tropical rainforests of north-east Queensland and compare the results to biodiversity assessments based on the distribu- tion of endemic vertebrate species. The genetic vs. species approaches produce different assessments of conservation value, perhaps reflecting differences in the temporal and spatial scale of the determining processes. The two approaches should be seen as comple- mentary and, in this case, conservation planning should incorporate information on both dimensions of biodiversity.10amtdna10aphylogenetic diversity10arainforests10avicariance1 aMoritz, C.1 aFaith, D.P.  uhttps://insectafgseag.myspecies.info/fr/node/392