01175nas a2200181   4500008004100000245007400041210006900115300001000184490000700194520062300201653001100824653001700835653001800852653001500870653001200885100001300897856008300910       1995                        eng d00aNota sobre Xorides Latreille (Ichneumonidae, Hymenoptera) no Brasil 10 aNota sobre Xorides Latreille Ichneumonidae Hymenoptera no Brasil  a31-350 v123 aThe Xoridinae with four genera are nearly cosmopolitan and Xorides are mainly Holartic in distribution. This genus has in South America three subgenera with four species, X. (Xorides) xanthisma Porter, 1975, X. (Pyramirhyssa) magnificus (Mocsáry. 1905), X. (Periceros) plumicornis (Smith, 1877) and X. (Periceros) euthrix Porter, 1975. The males of X. magnificus and X. xanthisma are described. Xorides euthrix and X. xanthisma are for the first time registered from Brazil. Comments are made on the morphology and distribution is registered for the eastern Brazil. Alphus sp. Cerambycidae, is the host of X. euthrix.10aBrasil10adistribution10aIchneumonidae10amorphology10aXorides1 aGraf, V.  uhttp://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?pid=S0101-81751995000100006&script=sci_arttext01706nas a2200217   4500008004100000245013300041210006900174300001200243490000800255520101800263653001601281653001501297653001301312653001901325653001501344100001801359700002301377700002101400700001401421856005301435       2011                        eng d00aThe male genitalia in the subfamily Agathidinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae): Morphological information of species on generic level0 amale genitalia in the subfamily Agathidinae Hymenoptera Braconid  a246-2570 v2503 aThe morphology of the male genitalia of 46 Agathidinae species belonging to 20 genera has been investigated. Samples from various geographical regions were used to discover the evolution of the male genitalia within the subfamily Agathidinae. Those male genitalia may contain important phylogenetic information at least in certain groups of Braconidae. For the New World, three of four investigated species of Cremnops (C. haematodes, C. montrealensis and C. vulgaris) could suggest the form of the new genus with the other members of New World Cremnops, partly because of the deviating morphology of the male genitalia. Comparative morphology of the male genitalia of Bassus confirms that it is polyphyletic. The status of Lytopylus (L. erythrogaster) is again actualised. Once synonymised as Aerophilopsis, this species could be excluded from other Lytopylus species. The statistical analysis showed that smaller specimens (<6.67mm) give less details on the morphology of the male genitalia comparing to larger.10aAgathidinae10aBraconidae10acremnops10amale genitalia10amorphology1 aikić, V., Ž1 avan Achterberg, C.1 aStanković, S.S.1 aIlić, M.  uhttps://insectafgseag.myspecies.info/fr/node/54501192nas a2200205   4500008004100000245012400041210006900165260001800234300001200252490000700264520050100271653001600772653002800788653001500816653001300831100001400844700002500858700002000883856008300903       2011                        eng d00aPictorial identification key for species of Sarcophagidae (Diptera) of potential forensic importance in southern Brazil0 aPictorial identification key for species of Sarcophagidae Dipter  bSciELO Brasil  a333-3470 v553 aPictorial identification key for species of Sarcophagidae (Diptera) of potential forensic importance in southern Bra- zil. Species of the subfamily Sarcophaginae are important to forensic entomology due to their necrophagous habits. This contribution presents a pictorial key for the identification of 22 Sarcophaginae species in 10 genera that are commonly found in southern Brazil. Photographs of the main structures used in species identification, mainly from the male terminalia, are provided10aFlesh flies10amedico-legal entomology10amorphology10ataxonomy1 aVairo, K.1 ade Mello-Patiu, C.A.1 ade Carvalho, B.  uhttp://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?pid=S0085-56262011000300006&script=sci_arttext02560nas a2200229   4500008004100000245018000041210006900221260001300290300001200303490000700315520180400322653001302126653001302139653001302152653001502165653001502180653003102195100001202226700001602238700002302254856005302277       2005                        eng d00aPhylogenetic relationships among the Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) inferred from partial 16S rDNA, 28S rDNA D2, 18S rDNA gene sequences and morphological characters0 aPhylogenetic relationships among the Braconidae Hymenoptera Ichn  bElsevier  a104-1160 v373 aPhylogenetic relationships among the Braconidae were examined using homologous 16S rDNA, 28S rDNA D2 region, and 18S rDNA gene sequences and morphological data using both PAUP* 4.0 and MRBAYES 3.0B4 from 88 in-group taxa representing 35 subfamilies. The monophyletic nature of almost all subfamilies, of which multiple representatives are present in this study, is well- supported except for two subfamilies, Cenocoelinae and Neoneurinae that should probably be treated as tribal rank taxa in the sub- family Euphorinae. The topology of the trees generated in the present study supported the existence of three large generally accepted lineage or groupings of subfamilies: two main entirely endoparasitic lineages of this family, referred to as the “helconoid complex” and the “microgastroid complex,” and the third “the cyclostome.” The Aphidiinae was recovered as a member of the non-cyclosto- mes, probably a sister group of Euphorinae or Euphorinae-complex. The basal position of the microgastroid complex among the non-cyclostomes has been found in all our analyses. The cyclostomes were resolved as a monophyletic group in all analyses if two putatively misplaced groups (Mesostoa and Aspilodemon) were excluded from them. Certain well-supported relationships evident in this family from the previous analyses were recovered, such as a sister-group relationships of Alysiinae+Opiinae, of Braconinae+Doryctinae, and a close relationship between Macrocentrinae, Xiphozelinae, Homolobinae, and Charmontinae. The relationships of “Ichneutinae+((Adeliinae+Cheloninae)+(Miracinae+(Cardiochilinae+Microgastrinae)))” was conWrmed within the microgastroid complex. The position of Acampsohelconinae, Blacinae, and Trachypetinae is problematic. © 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.10a16S rDNA10a18S rDNA10a28S rDNA10aBraconidae10amorphology10aPhylogenetic relationships1 aShi, M.1 aChen, X.-X.1 avan Achterberg, C.  uhttps://insectafgseag.myspecies.info/fr/node/44701915nas a2200217   4500008004100000020001500041245008800056210006900144300001200213490000600225520127600231653001501507653001401522653001501536653002101551653001401572653001601586100001901602700002301621856005301644       1992                        eng d  a000000000000aPhylogeny of the subfamilies of the family Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea)0 aPhylogeny of the subfamilies of the family Braconidae Hymenopter  a199-2350 v83 aA phylogenetic analysis of the subfamilies of the family Braconidae Nees, 1812 is presented. The analysis employing 96 phylogenetically informative characters was performed using the computer- ized parsimony programmes PAUP and Hennig86. The cladograms obtained show that the Bracon- idae can be divided into three major groups of subfamilies. These are a lineage comprising the mainly ectoparasitic cyclostomes and relatives, and two advanced endoparasitic groups, both apparently derived from somewhere near the endoparasitic cyclostome subfamily Rogadinae Foerster, 1862 sensu stricto. As a result of the phylogenetic analysis subfamily rank is given to the Exothecinae Foerster, 1862 (including the Hormiini Foerster, 1862), the Rhyssalinae Foerster, 1862 (including the Pambolini Marshall, 1885), the Charmontinae van Achterberg, 1979, and the Microtypinae Szépligeti, 1908. The tribes Meteorini Cresson, 1887 and Muesebeckiini Mason, 1969 are retained as tribes because this anal- ysis did not provide conclusive arguments to separate these groups from the Euphorinae Foerster, 1862 sensu stricto and the Ichneutinae Foerster, 1862 sensu stricto, respectively. The limits of the sub- family Rogadinae Foerster, 1862 are narrowed to include only endoparasitic taxa.10aBraconidae10ametasomal10amorphology10aovipositor-shape10aphylogeny10asubfamilies1 aQuicke, D.L.J.1 avan Achterberg, C.  uhttps://insectafgseag.myspecies.info/fr/node/42301136nas a2200169   4500008004100000245020000041210006900241300000800310490000700318520050800325653001700833653001500850653001500865653001400880100001900894856005300913       2004                        eng d00aA new species of Latana Cameron (Hymenoptera : Braconidae : Braconinae) from Kibale Forest National Park, western Uganda, with the first host record of the genus confirmed by molecular techniques0 anew species of Latana Cameron Hymenoptera Braconidae Braconinae   a1-80 v123 aThe genus Latana Cameron is recognized as being a member of the Braconinae and a new species, L. keijua Laurenne & Quicke, parasitic on lamiine cerambycid beetle larvae in western Uganda is illustrated and described as new. DNA sequence data were used to confirmthe host–parasitoid association. A key is provided to separate the new species from the type-species of the genus.Observation of ovipositor buckling is presented,andthe distri- bution of facial protuberances in the Braconidae is discussed.10adna sequence10amorphology10aovipositor10aphylogeny1 aLaurenne, N.M.  uhttps://insectafgseag.myspecies.info/fr/node/36203385nas a2200217   4500008004100000245011800041210007000159300001200229490000700241520271400248653001602962653001202978653002002990653001503010653001203025653002303037653001403060653001603074100002403090856005303114       2009                        eng d00aFilogenia de avispas del género Netelia (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) con énfasis en las especies costarricenses0 aFilogenia de avispas del género Netelia Hymenoptera Ichneumonida  a213-2380 v573 aPhylogeny of wasps of the genus Netelia (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) with emphasis on Costa Rican species. Results on the first cladistic analysis of the genus Netelia are presented. The analysis was carried out with the aid of the Hennig86 and Tree Gardener 2.2 programs, using a matrix of 79 taxa and 149 char- acters, based mainly on external morphology and male genitalia; only three characters are related to the natural history of the species. Within the in-group, representative species of the 11 subgenera of Netelia described in the world were included, although almost 80% of the species examined are from Costa Rica. To test the monophyly of the genus, five tryphonine species - Neliopisthus yui, Chiloplatys lucens, Phytodietus (Neuchorus) penai, P. (N.) lindus and P. (Phytodietus) moragai - were also included in the study group. Labena zerita (Labeninae) was used as an out-group. The search strategies of the trees included phylogenetic reconstruction by parsimony, without and with successive weighting of characters, through the commands bb *and mhennig*. In the analysis without successive weighting, 1 211 equally parsimonious trees with a length of 649 steps, Ci of 23 and Ri of 68, were obtained. In the analysis with successive weighting 1 211 trees with a length of 719 steps, Ci of 20 and Ri of 64, were obtained. The manifold cladograms obtained were summarized through two Majority Rule Consensuses trees, one for each rearch strategy. Support was found for the monophyly of the genus Netelia, and the subgenera N. (Apatagium), N. (Bessobates), N. (Monomacrodon), N. (Parabates), N. (Protonetelia), N. (Toxochilus) and N. (Longiterebates), although this last subgenus was only monophyletic in the analysis without successive weighting. Phylogenetic support was also obtained for the species groups leo, unguicularis and emorsa proposed by Townes (1938) in the subgenus N. (Netelia). The results support the synonymy of N. (Toxochiloides) with the group emorsa in the New World. Phylogenetic support was not found for the subgenera N. (Netelia), N. (Prosthodocis) and N. (Paropheltes), nor for the species groups virgata in N. (Bessobates) and geminata Townes in N. (Netelia). Nor was support found for a phylogenetic relation between the subgenera N. (Apatagium) and N. (Monomacrodon). Finally, with the results obtained here, the presence in Costa Rica of the subgenera N. (Longiterebates) and N. (Parabates), as documented by Gauld (1997), is rejected. The presence of N. (Bessobates) is unconditionally accepted and, for practical reasons, that of N. (Prosthodocis) and N. (Netelia); in addition, the presence of N. (Paropheltes) and N. (Toxochilus) is tentatively proposed. Rev.10aCosta Rica.10ainsects10amale genitalias10amorphology10aNetelia10aparasitoid species10aphylogeny10aTryphoninae1 aCoronado-Rivera, J.  uhttps://insectafgseag.myspecies.info/fr/node/25601186nas a2200229   4500008004100000245012200041210006900163300001200232490000700244520047700251653001600728653001500744653001900759653001500778100001800793700002300811700001600834700001700850700001700867700001900884856005300903       2010                        eng d00aMale genitalia of the species of the subfamily Agathidinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and their importance in taxonomy0 aMale genitalia of the species of the subfamily Agathidinae Hymen  a455-4670 v623 aA morphological analysis of the male genitalia of 24 species of the subfamily Agathidinae from 10 genera is presented. Detailed descriptions of important morphological features of all the species are given. Their value in the identification of the species was assessed. It was found that the morphology of male genitalia could be used for identification of the genera, while it was of limited value at the species level, except for those belonging to multispecific genera.10aAgathidinae10aBraconidae10amale genitalia10amorphology1 aBrajkovic, M.1 aStanisavljevic, L.1 aNikolic, Z.1 aCurcic, S.B.1 aZivic, Ivana1 aStojanovic, D.  uhttps://insectafgseag.myspecies.info/fr/node/21501885nas a2200205   4500008004100000245010300041210006900144260001300213300001200226490000700238520127400245653001301519653001501532653001601547653001501563653001201578100001601590700002001606856005301626       2006                        eng d00aDissecting the ancient rapid radiation of microgastrine wasp genera using additional nuclear genes0 aDissecting the ancient rapid radiation of microgastrine wasp gen  bElsevier  a690-7030 v413 aPrevious estimates of a generic level phylogeny for the ubiquitous parasitoid wasp subfamily Microgastrinae (Hymenoptera) have been problematic due to short internal branches deep in the phylogeny. These short branches might be attributed to a rapid radiation among the taxa, the use of genes that are unsuitable for the levels of divergence being examined, or insufficient quantity of data. We added over 1200 nucleotides from four nuclear genes to a data set derived from three genes to produce a data set of over 3000 nucleotides per taxon. While the number of well-supported short branches in the phylogeny increased, we still did not obtain strong bootstrap support for every node. Parametric and non-parametric bootstrap simulations projected that an enormous, and likely unobtainable, amount of data would be required to get bootstrap support greater than 50% for every node. However, a marked increase in the number of well-supported nodes was seen when we conducted a Bayesian analysis of a combined data set generated from morphological characters added to the seven gene data set. Our results suggest that, in some cases, combining morphological and genetic characters may be the most practical way to increase support for short branches deep in a phylogeny.10aBayesian10aBraconidae10aHymenoptera10amorphology10asupport1 aBanks, J.C.1 aWhitfield, J.B.  uhttps://insectafgseag.myspecies.info/fr/node/156