01881nas a2200229   4500008004100000245014800041210006900189300001000258490000700268520116000275653002001435653000801455653001701463653001601480653001801496100001501514700001601529700001901545700001701564700001701581856005301598       2008                        eng d00aMorphology and DNA barcoding reveal three cryptic species within the Xylophanes neoptolemus and loelia species-groups (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae)0 aMorphology and DNA barcoding reveal three cryptic species within  a18-360 v363 aTwo species complexes within the genus Xylophanes are addressed using a combination of morphological study and analysis of DNA barcode sequences. The existence of two and three cryptic species respectively within the X. loelia and X. neoptolemus complexes is revealed following consideration of both adult habitus and genital morphology, and the results of a phylogenetic analysis of partial COI sequences—DNA barcodes—for 38 specimens. The taxonomic status of the available names is discussed and to clarify and stabilize the confused nomenclature of this group, a neotype for Sphinx neoptolemus Cramer, 1780, and lectotypes for Choerocampa loelia Druce, 1878 and Chaerocampa trilineata Walker, [1865], are designated. We describe three new species: X. lolita n. sp. Vaglia and Haxaire; X. balcazari n. sp. Haxaire and Vaglia; and X. cthulhu n. sp. Haxaire and Vaglia. The first is endemic to southeastern Brazil and closely allied to X. loelia; the second two are relatives of X. neoptolemus, of which the first is known only from Guerrero and Michoacán states in Mexico while the second is widely distributed in lowland forests of Central America.10acentral america10acoi10adna barcodes10anew species10asouth america1 aVaglia, T.1 aHaxaire, J.1 aKitching, I.J.1 aMeusnier, I.1 aRougerie, R.  uhttps://insectafgseag.myspecies.info/fr/node/497